nipping= biting.
eager= keen, piercing./ sharp.

held his wont= observed his(its) custom or habit. "wont" a.v.n. 習慣、慣れる、常とする。
ordnance 　大砲。
rouse= bumper 「乾杯」既出 1.2.125-130。/ "takes his rouse"= drinks deeply, carouses（大酒盛りをする、深酒する）。
wassail/ʽwɔsl/ アルコール。酒盛り。/ To "keep wassail" was a formulaic or idiomatic expression meanig to drink numerous toasts (and hence often to become disorderly).
the swaggering up-spring reels a difficult expression. The genaral meaning is that a riotous form of dancing accompanies the drinking. Most editors take "reels" to be a verb, with "The King" as the subject. and "the swaggering up-spring" as the name of lively dance. 'reel'= リール（スコットランドの四拍子のダンス）を踊る。
Rhenish /ˈreniʃ/= Rhenish wine. Rhine 地方で出来る白ぶどう酒。

kettle-drum 　（楽器）ティンパニー。
bray out = make a loud harsh noise.
The triumph of his pledge i.e. the celebration of his feat of draining his cup at a single gulp.

More honour'd in the breach than the observance= which it is more honorable to breach than to observe./ 「守らぬ方がかえって立派」
heavy-headed 　酒を飲んで、頭が重くなるのをいう。
traduced and tax'd of = blamed and reproached by. / "traduce"= censure, decry, defame. "tax"= censure, blame, accuse. (Onion) いずれも、非難するの意味。
clepe /kˈli:p/= call. 古語。
with swinish phrase Soil our addition= tarnish our reputation by calling us pigs.
takes= detracts.

The pith and marrow of our attribute= the very essence or heart of our good name./ "pith" 髄、要点、真髄、核心、体力・気力。 "marrow" 髄、核心、活力。　同じ意味の言葉。"attribute"= reputation.
particular men 「個人」 "particular"= private.
mole of nature= natural mark(birthmark) or blemish. "mole" あざ、ほくろ。/ "vicious mole of nature"= small natural blemish.

nature cannot choose his origin　"his"= its. "nature" の意味。人、人間、とするとぴったりするが、解説になし。Onion にもなし。
o'ergrowth of some complexion "o'ergrowth"= excess. "complexion" 中世の生理学で、人体には blood, phlegm, bile, black bile の四つの 'humours' があってその組み合わせ（complexion の語源は weaving together- 織り込む - で人の temperament （気質）が sanguine（陽気な）, phlegmatic（不活発な、冷淡・冷静な）, choleric（怒りっぽい、短気な）, melanchoric（憂うつな） などと分かれると考えた。/
Oft breaking down the pales and forts of reason= which breaks down the guards and strongholds of reason. 「理性の埒（らち）や砦を打ちこわす」「理性を失わしめる」
much o'er-leavens The form of plausive manners = causes an excess in what would otherwise be acceptable behaviour( overleavened bread rises and swells too much)./ leaven/ˈlevn/ 酵母、発酵させる。
form = good order.
plausive manners= pleasing morals.
that these men "it chances" に続く。前に多くの説明が入ったために "that" をくり返した。そして "these men" は途中で "Their virtues else" に主語が変わり、"Shall..." につづく。

the stamp of one defect　ある欠点の刻印。
Being nature's livery, or fortune's star= whether natural or accidental./ whether they were born with it, or got it by misfortune. / "livery"= dress or uniform. "star"= in a tranferred sense: something supposedly caused by astrological influence.
Their virtues else= all their other virtues.
undergo= sustain, enjoy./ carry.
general censure = public opinion./ "censure" 現在では、非難、酷評。 obsolete 意見、判断。
take corruption From 「・・・から感染する」

The dram of eale Doth all the noble substance often dout To his own scandal　This is a "crux," a passage which is open to various interpretations because there has been some kind of error in the printing. In this case, "eale" isn't a word, and "of a doubt" doesn't make any sense in this context, so "eale" is usually changed to "evil," and "of a doubt" is changed to "often dout," meaning "often extinguish." With these changes, the sentence means, "The small fault often extinguishes (in public opinion) all praiseworthy qualities, resulting in the shame of those praiseworthy qualities, (and the shame of the person who has them)." This meaning fits well with what Hamlet has said just previously. (Shakespeare Navigators)/ 以下の原文のままでは解釈ができない。 "eale" を 'evel'、 "of a" を 'often'、"doubt" を 'dout' (= obliterate) と読む解釈が普通行われている。
thou Hamlet's immediate use of "thou" rather than the more formal 'you' is surprising, especially as his speech otherwise implies an element of conscious distancing or even incredulity. Perhaps "thou" indicates a dismissive scepticism, wherein 'you' would indicate his acceptance that the Ghost is indeed his father, as it seems to at 3.4.101-5. See also 1.3.4n.

questionable= iviting convesation. 「話をしたそうな」
burst in ignorance 「知りたい気持ちを知らされないまま破裂する」

canonized= buried according to the Church's rule.
hearsed= coffined./ entombed.
cerements/ˈsiəmənts/= waxed wrappings for the dead. / grave-clothes.
sepulchre 墓室、墓所。/ a tomb, grave, or burial place.
inurn'd= interred. 埋葬された。
ponderous = heavy.

glimpses = momentary shining の意味であるから、雲間をもれる月の光をさすのであろう。
we fools of nature So horridly to shake our disposition = that we fools of nature So horridly should shake our disposition. "fools of nature" は肉体の制約に弄ばれている人間をさす。"disposition"= nature, temperament./ "we fools of nature" i.e. turning us into ignorant and weak creatures limited by or victims of nature. For this use of we where we might expect 'us' before an infinitive./ "fools of nature" i.e., mere men, limited to natural knowledge, and baffled by the supernatural. / natural creatures, too ignorant to understand what lies beyond.

impartment = communication. 「伝えること」「話」

what should be the fear?= what is there to fear?/ 何を恐れることがあろうか。
set my life in a pin's fee= estimate my life at the value of a pin./ 'I do not value my life at the worth of a pin(proverbial:Dent P334'/ "fee"= value, worth./ おれの命を針ほどの価値しかないとは思っていない。

can it do to that "it"= Ghost. 次行の "itself" も同様。 "that"= my soul.
the flood 海や河をいう、ここでは海のこと。

beetles o'er = lean over. / " beetles o'er his base"= overhangs its bottoms or foot.
assume subjunctive mood following if.
deprive your sovereignty of reason Editors gloss ' deprive you of the rule or supremacy of reason', but a modern ear or eye also understands 'deprive your highness of your reason'.
toys of desperation= freakish thoughts of desperation.

Nemean lion's /ˈni:miən/= a lion said to have been killed by Hercules at Nimea, a wooded district near Argos in Greece.
nerve= sinew. 「筋」「腱」
make a ghost of him that lets me= kill anyone who hinders me. "ghost"= corpse./ Hamlet speaks as if he or someone else has just used the word ghost. "lets"= prevents. (obsolete)

waxes = grows.
Heaven will direct it Horasio seems at first moves away from his more interventionist position at 89, but his fatalism presumably rejected by Marcellus (Nay) and they follow Hamlet.